Ukuvavanywa komthamo wokuhamba kwemijelo egqityiweyo yokuhambisa amanzi kubhekiselele kuvavanyo kunye novavanyo loyilo nolwakhiwo lwemijelo ukumisela ukusebenza kwayo ekukhupheni amanzi kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho echaziweyo yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kunye neemfuno. Ukuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokuthintela iintlekele ezinxulumene namanzi. Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha iimfuno zokuyila, ulawulo lomgangatho wokwakha, kunye neendlela zokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba kweendlela zokuhambisa amanzi.
Okokuqala, iimfuno zoyilo zenza isiseko sokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba kwemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuyila umjelo, izinto ezifana neemeko zokukhupha amanzi emhlabeni, imvula, uhlobo lomhlaba, kunye neemeko ze-hydrogeological kufuneka zihlalutywe ukuze kuqinisekiswe iiparameters zokuyilwa kwemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi. Ezi parameters ziquka imilo ye-cross-sectional shape, imilinganiselo, kunye ne-slope yamajelo. Ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zombhobho, umthamo ofanelekileyo wokuhamba uyilwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi inokusingatha ngokufanelekileyo iimfuno ezilindelekileyo zokukhutshwa kwamanzi. Ngokwesiqhelo, umgaqo-siseko woyilo womthamo wokuqukuqela kukwenza ukuba amajelo akhuphe ngokutyibilikayo umthamo obalekayo ngexesha loyilo lweziganeko zesaqhwithi ezisekelwe kuyilo oluyilwayo kunye nobukhulu obuchaziweyo.
Okwesibini, ulawulo lomgangatho wolwakhiwo lubalulekile ekuphononongeni umthamo wokuhamba kwemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kubalulekile ukuthobela ngokungqongqo kwiimfuno zoyilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparameters ezifana ne-cross-sectional shape, imilinganiselo, kunye ne-slope yamashaneli. Ekugrunjweni, kuyimfuneko ukugcina umhlaba njengebhedi yomjelo ngokweemfuno zoyilo kunye nokuqinisekisa i-compact kunye ne-slope channel ezantsi kunye ne-slope. Imithambeka yecala lemijelo kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo ezinzileyo kwaye egudileyo ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwe-slope kunye nomonakalo kwimigudu. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zokukhupha amanzi ezingathintekiyo kwaye wenze ukunqumla kunye nokuthintela kwiindawo zokuthengisa ukukhusela i-debris ukuba ingangeni kwaye ichaphazele umthamo wokuhamba.
Iindlela zokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba zibalulekile ekuhloleni umthamo wokuhamba kwemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba ziquka indlela yesantya, indlela yokulinganisa i-flowmeter, kunye nendlela yokwahlukana koxinzelelo. Indlela yesantya ivavanya umthamo wokuqukuqela ngokulinganisa isantya samanzi aqukuqelayo kwimijelo yokuhambisa amanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iimitha zesantya sokuhamba okanye iindlela zokudada. Indlela yokulinganisa i-flowmeter ivavanya umthamo wokuhamba ngokulinganisa izinga lokuhamba okudlula kwiitshaneli ngexesha elithile, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ii-flowmeters. Indlela yokwahlukana koxinzelelo ihlola umthamo wokuhamba ngokulinganisa ilahleko yentloko okanye ukuhlukana koxinzelelo kwimijelo yokuhambisa amanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo okanye iimitha zentloko.
Xa uqhuba uvavanyo lwamandla okuhamba, imilinganiselo kunye nokubala kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokwemigangatho ethile kunye neendlela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokusekelwe kwimilo ye-cross-sectional shape, imilinganiselo yeendlela zokuhambisa amanzi, kunye neenkcukacha ezifunyenwe kwimilinganiselo yesantya sokuhamba, izinga lokuhamba, okanye ukuhlukana koxinzelelo, iifomyula zokubala ezifanelekileyo zingaqeshwa ukuthelekisa neemfuno zokuyila. Ukuba iziphumo ezibaliweyo zihlangabezana neemfuno zokuyila, kubonisa ukuba umthamo wokuhamba kweendlela zokuhambisa amanzi uhlangabezana neenjongo ezijoliswe kuyo. Ukuba iziphumo ezibaliweyo azifikeleli kwiimfuno zoyilo, uhlengahlengiso okanye uphuculo lwamajelo luyafuneka ukunyusa umthamo wokuhamba.
Ukuqukumbela, ukuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba kwemijelo egqityiweyo yokuhambisa amanzi ngumba obalulekileyo woyilo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokulawulwa komgangatho wokwakha. Ngokuxoxa ngeemfuno zoyilo, ukulawulwa komgangatho wokwakha, kunye neendlela zokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba, eli nqaku libonelela ngesikhokelo kunye nesalathiso sokuvavanya umthamo wokuhamba kweendlela zokuhambisa amanzi. Ukongezelela, ngokuvavanywa komthamo wokuhamba, imiba enokubakho kuyilo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokwakhiwa inokuchongwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye iqwalaselwe, ivumela inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi ukuba ihlangabezane neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zokukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye nokuthintela iintlekele ezinxulumene namanzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-15-2024