Idreyini yomjelo idla ngokufumaneka phambi kwegaraji, ejikeleze ichibi, kumacala omabini ommandla worhwebo okanye indlela.Ukukhetha imveliso yomsele ogqityiweyo ogqityiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa koyilo olufanelekileyo kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi ommandla wendlela kunye nokufezekisa umphumo ongcono wokukhupha amanzi.
Yintoni omawuyithathele ingqalelo xa ukhetha umjelo wamanzi:
Ukuhamba kwamanzi: ingakanani imvula elindelekileyo;
Umthwalo olinganisiweyo: luhlobo luni lwesithuthi oluya kudlula kwindawo yokusetyenziswa;
Iimpawu zomzimba wamanzi: umgangatho wamanzi ane-asidi okanye i-alkaline;
Iimfuno zenkangeleko yomhlaba: Uyilo loyilo lwenkangeleko yomhlaba iyonke yendlela yokuhambisa amanzi.
Umjelo wokuhambisa amanzi ogqityiweyo ziinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi ezisetyenziselwa ukuqokelela nokuthutha amanzi angaphezulu.Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwii-driveways, malunga namachibi okuqubha, iindawo zokupaka kunye nezinye iindawo.Ukukhutshwa komjelo kuyindlela esebenzayo yokuqokelela amanzi ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki zokuhambisa amanzi zenzeke, ukuphepha amanzi ommandla wendlela, okubangela ukuqokelela kwamanzi amaninzi malunga nendlu ixesha elide kunye nokonakalisa izakhiwo ezijikelezileyo.
Okokuqala, enye yezinto ekufuneka siziqwalasele kubungakanani bamanzi ekufuneka siwakhuphe.
Uyilo lokuhamba kwamanzi emvula kufuneka luqwalaselwe xa kuyilwa umsele wokuhambisa amanzi, ekufuneka ubalwe ngokwefomula ilandelayo:
● Qs=qΨF
● Kwifomula: Qs-ukuhamba koyilo lwamanzi emvula (L/S)
● q-Yila ukuqina kwesaqhwithi [L/(s ▪hm2)]
● Ψ-I-Runoff coefficient
● indawo yokubambisa (hm2)
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-150mm-400mm ebanzi yokukhupha amanzi yanele.Sukuxakeka kakhulu ngeetshati kunye neefomula.Ukuba unamanzi aphakathi kunye neengxaki zokukhupha amanzi, ungakhetha i-200mm okanye i-250mm yesixokelelwano sokukhupha amanzi.Ukuba uneengxaki ezinzulu zamanzi kunye nokukhupha amanzi, ungasebenzisa isixokelelwano sokukhupha amanzi esibanzi esingama-400mm.
Okwesibini, inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi eyenzelwe ngaphandle kufuneka iqwalasele umthwalo wezithuthi kwindawo yokuhambisa amanzi.
Okwangoku, uyilo lweemveliso zeYete yamkela umgangatho we-EN1433, apho yahlulahlulwe yangamabanga amathandathu, A15, B125, C250, D400, E600, kunye neF900.
Xa ukhetha umjelo ogqityiweyo wokuhambisa amanzi, Sifanele sicinge ukuba luhlobo luni lwezithuthi oluya kuqhuba kulo, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomthamo womthwalo.
A–Iindlela zabahambi ngeenyawo neebhayisekile
B-layini kunye yokupaka yabucala
I-C-Roadside Drainage kunye neSikhululo seNkonzo
D-Main indlela yokuqhuba, uhola wendlela
Okwesithathu, yindalo yamanzi.Ngoku imekobume ingcoliseke kakhulu, yaye iinxalenye zemichiza ekumanzi emvula nakwilindle zasekhaya zintsonkothile, ingakumbi ilindle lemizi-mveliso.La manzi amdaka adla ngokugqwesa kakhulu kumsele wesamente oqhelekileyo wokukhupha amanzi.Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kuya kubangela ukuba umsele wokuhambisa amanzi udle kwaye wonakaliswe, kubangele impembelelo embi kwindalo.Umjelo ogqityiweyo wokukhupha amanzi usebenzisa ikhonkrithi ye-resin njengeyona nto iphambili, enokumelana ne-corrosion elungileyo kwimithombo yamanzi eyonakalisayo.
Ukwakhiwa okanye ukusetyenziswa koluntu kwimisele egqityiweyo yokukhupha amanzi, ukucwangciswa komhlaba kuyimeko eyimfuneko ekwakhiweni.Inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi ezindleleni kufuneka ikhethe iimveliso ezifanelekileyo zokuhambisa amanzi ngokweemfuno zizonke zoyilo lwedolophu ukuhambelana nolwakhiwo lwedolophu.Ngokubanzi, kuninzi lwezicelo zeendawo zokuhlala, isixokelelwano semisele ethambekele kwangaphambili ethambekele ukusuka kwi-0.7% ukuya kwi-1% yanele.
Khetha umjelo ogqityiweyo wokuhambisa amanzi, uyilo olubanzi kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo epheleleyo kwiimfuno ezifana nomthamo we-drainage, iimeko zezithuthi zendlela, iimfuno zokusingqongileyo, kunye neempawu zomzimba wamanzi.
Ukukhupha amanzi angaphakathi okanye ekhitshini, khetha umjelo ogqityiweyo wokukhupha amanzi kunye nesitya sokugquma esinesitampu sokugcina i-aesthetics kunye nokumelana nokubola komhlaba.
Kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhamba kwezithuthi zendlela, isicwangciso soyilo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi siyamkelwa, umsele wokuhambisa amanzi omile okwe-U usebenzisa ikhonkrithi yeresin njengesixhobo somzimba womsele, kunye nepleyiti yokugquma ehlangabezana neemfuno zomthwalo wendlela iyadityaniswa.Esi sikimu sinexabiso eliphezulu lokusebenza.
Iindlela ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nezikhululo zeenqwelo moya, amazibuko, amaziko amakhulu othutho, kunye nezinye iindlela ezineemfuno eziphezulu zomthwalo, zinokusebenzisa uyilo oludityanisiweyo lwenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi.
Ipavumente esecaleni kwendlela inokuyilwa kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi angaphantsi kwamatye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-07-2023