Imijelo yogutyulo lwemibhobho zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuhambisa amanzi ezindleleni.Baqokelela kwaye bakhokele amanzi emvula ukusuka kumphezulu wendlela, beqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwendlela yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokuthintela ukuqokelelana kwentlenga kunye nokhukuliseko.Iimpawu zokuhambisa amanzi kwimijelo yokuthintela amanzi zigxininiswe apha ngezantsi.
Okokuqala, imijelo yokuthintela amanzi inomthamo olungileyo wokukhupha amanzi.Uyilo nolwakhiwo lwemijelo luvumela ukuqokelelwa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo kwamanzi emvula ukusuka kumphezulu wendlela, kwaye aququzelela ukukhupha okufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwesixokelelwano.I-lateral kunye ne-longitudinal slopes of channels kufuneka ifaneleke ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi agudileyo kwaye angenakunqandwa.
Ukongezelela, imilo yecandelo elinqamlezayo lemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi nayo ichaphazela umthamo wabo wokuhambisa amanzi.Iimilo eziqhelekileyo ezinqamlezayo ziquka "i-V"-shaped, i-rectangular, kunye ne-trapezoidal.Ezi zimilo ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanzi.Ngaphaya koko, ukubeka igrabile ekhululekileyo okanye ezinye izinto ezirhabaxa emazantsi emisele kunokonyusa ukungeneka kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamanzi.
Okwesibini, imijelo yokuthintela amanzi inomthamo ohlengahlengiswayo wokukhupha amanzi.Kufuneka bakwazi ukuhlengahlengisa umthamo wabo wokuhambisa amanzi ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo emvula kunye neemfuno zokuhambisa amanzi ezindleleni.Ngexesha lemvula encinci, imisele kufuneka iqokelele ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhuphe amanzi emvula.Kwimeko yemvula enkulu, imigudu kufuneka ibe namandla okuphatha umthamo omkhulu wamanzi.Ngoyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokunyamezelana, iziteshi zinokuphepha ukuvaleka kunye nokuphuphuma.
Ngoko ke, ngexesha loyilo kunye nenkqubo yokwakha, izinto ezifana nobukhulu, ubunzulu, kunye nobude beendlela zokuhambisa amanzi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokusekelwe kwimeko ethile kunye neemfuno.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba imijelo inomthamo ohlengahlengiswayo wokukhupha amanzi.
Okwesithathu, imijelo yokuthintela amanzi inamandla okuzicoca ngokwawo.Ukongeza kubuchule babo bokukhupha amanzi ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo, kufuneka babe nomsebenzi wokuzicoca ukuze bagcine imijelo engathintelekiyo.Ukuzicoca ngokuyinhloko kuxhomekeke ekuhambeni kwamanzi, ngoko ke ukuyila kwemijelo yokuhambisa amanzi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo isantya kunye nomzekelo wokuhamba kwamanzi.Ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi sisezantsi kakhulu, oko kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwamanzi kunye nokubekwa kwentlenga.Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi siphezulu kakhulu, kunokubangela ukukhuhlwa komjelo ongezantsi kunye namacala, kubangele ungcoliseko lwesibini.
Ngexesha loyilo kunye nenkqubo yokwakha, kuyafuneka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ubuninzi bezandyondyo zemvula kunye namanqanaba eempuphuma zembali kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.Ngokukhetha ubude obufanelekileyo, ubungakanani, kunye namandla okuhambisa amanzi kwimijelo yokuthintela amanzi, ukuxhathisa kwezikhukhula kwindlela yokuhambisa amanzi ezindleleni kunokuphuculwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2023